If the action is reversible
Just complete the action immediately and let the users undo it somehow.

Examples:
- Undo shortcut in MacOS - Cmd+Z
- Shake device to undo gesture in iOS
- Undo text link in toast in web apps
- Undo action in Snackbars in Android
If the action is NOT reversible
Is it VERY serious and will have a major impact? Then throw an alert asking for confirmation in a very explicit way.

Is it less serious and won't have a major impact?
Throw a basic alert asking them to confirm.

Or make confirmation part of the UI interaction
Example #1: Turning off an iPhone - Slide to turn off

Example #2: Removing an app from MacOS dock - Hold for 2 seconds and release to remove

Example #3: Deleting an item from a list in iOS - Swipe all the way to delete
That’s all folks
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